Some of the most infamous include Nazi war criminals escaping prosecution in Germany. In the years after the end of the war, Argentine President Juan Peron secretly ordered diplomats and intelligence officers to establish escape routes, so-called “ratlines,” through ports in Spain and Italy to smuggle thousands of former SS officers and Nazi party members out of Europe. As Imperial Russia expanded, a great need developed for capable and industrious workers, especially farmers, to settle these new and often unsafe lands. © 2021 A&E Television Networks, LLC. And they certainly left their mark. Under this system, war criminals and collaborators were smuggled out of Europe (Germany–Spain–Argentina) to start new lives with barely disguised identities. It’s surprising to learn that South America was a bit of a hotbed for anti-Semitism from the late 19th century – and indeed that one of its most famous German immigrants, Bernhard Förster, was a key influence on Hitler’s political thinking. The restaurants serve schnitzel and goulash, while the delis peddle Bavarian-style beer and jars of homemade sauerkraut. The south-central part of North Dakota was known as "the German-Russian triangle". AIMS AT GERMANS IN SOUTH AMERICA; Washington Plans to Cut Off Coal for Those Operating Public Utilities. As their colonies grew, the Germans developed more land and established "daughter colonies." Hunting Hitler airs Sundays at 7.35pm on SBS VICELAND, or stream episodes via SBS On Demand. What's in a name? Pioneer America 13(2) (1981). For the most part, the estimated 9000 escapees established new identities and did their best to blend in. (Credit: John Milli/GPO via Getty Images). Brazil took in between 1,500 and 2,000 Nazi war criminals, while between 500 and 1,000 settled in Chile. Buried under an assumed name after drowning off the Brazilian coast in 1979, Mengele had his identity confirmed only after forensic testing of his remains in 1985. Otto Skorzeny got an even better deal. But the plan didn’t pay off for every escapee. Suddenly, Klement was grabbed by the men and hauled kicking and screaming into the back seat of the vehicle, which sped off into the night. Even the United States had a part in helping Nazis escape to South America. Ease your move to South Africa with InterNations — the world's trusted expat network. During World War Two, the Axis powers of Germany, Japan, and Italy enjoyed good relations with Argentina. We are looking for an amazing German Speaking Plant Maintenance Consultant to join our client. Gustav Wagner, an SS officer known as the “Beast,” died in Brazil in 1980 after the country’s supreme federal court refused to extradite him to Germany because of inaccuracies in the paperwork. German immigrants built the Bavaria, Pilsen, and Club soda Klausen factories in Cali, Barranquilla, Pereira, Medellin, and other cities. (SBS), Bernhard Förster, was a key influence on Hitler’s political thinking, (You can see this lasting cultural influence in places like La Cumbrecita. However, by far the largest number—as many as 5,000—relocated to Argentina. The Argentine president also sought to recruit those Nazis with particular military and technical expertise that he believed could help his country, much like the United States and the Soviet Union who both poached scientists from the Third Reich to assist them in the Cold War. The post-war world was one of realpolitik, and being useful meant more than facing justice, in some instances. In some cases, the United States was complicit in the exodus of Nazi war criminals to South America. Due to the hundreds of thousands of German immigrants who lived in the country, Argentina maintained close ties with Germany and remained neutral for much of World War II. There’s a reason persistent rumours exist about Adolf Hitler fleeing to South or Central America, with a convenient cover story about killing himself in a Berlin bunker. Many of these Russian Germans later emigrated to the United States, Canada, and South America. E-Mail. (He, like his eventual acolyte, ended up committing suicide as his utopian colony failed.) Klaus Barbie outside the Lyons court house following his sentencing on July 4, 1987. According to unproven theories, Mengele, one of the most wanted Nazi war criminals, died in San Bernardino, not in Brazil, as usually reported. By the late 1940s, much of South America, particularly Brazil, Chile and Argentina, was a haven for thousands of Nazis eluding justice. As he walked to his small brick house in a middle-class Buenos Aires suburb on May 11, 1960, he passed by a chauffer and two men working under the open hood of a black Buick limousine. After all, lots of high-ranking Third Reich officers did flee to the continent in the wake of WWII, establishing new lives in hiding from dogged Nazi hunters like the legendary Simon Wiesenthal. Ihre Jobsuchaktivitäten sind nur für Sie sichtbar. According to Goñi, Hudal, an Austrian-born admirer of Hitler who ministered to prisoners of war in Rome, admitted to abetting Nazi war criminals by providing them with false identity documents issued by the Vatican that were then used to obtain passports from the International Red Cross. SBS’s landmark new series 'Australia in Colour' reveals our history as you’ve never seen it before. More than one Chilean government refused to extradite Walter Rauff (who invented the mobile gas chamber van) and Brazil refused to give up Sobibór Extermination Camp’s deputy commandant, Gustav “The Beast” Wagner, to West German authorities, even as late as 1979. Everything if your name is Steve Hitler. While a mere 6,000 Germans had entered the United States in the 1820s, nearly one million did so in the 1850s, the first great influx from Germany. Germans from Russia were the most traditional of German-speaking arrivals. Nowadays, Germans born in Colombia celebrate Oktoberfest in Cali along with other traditions. Perhaps the most notorious of the fugitives was Dr. Josef Mengele, the “Angel of Death” who conducted macabre experiments at the Auschwitz concentration camp. The German legal team that examined South American files in 2012 told the Daily Mail that most of the Nazis who entered the continent did so using forged Red Cross passports, including 800 SS members to Argentina alone. Barbie became one of the few Nazis who fled to South America but ultimately couldn’t escape justice, much like Eichmann who was also convicted of crimes against humanity by an Israeli court and executed in 1962. The South Australian government soon realised the worth of these hard working Germans and published information about the colony for distribution in Germany. In their attempts to aid Catholic refugees amid the post-war rise of communist regimes across Europe, numerous Vatican officials unwittingly aided in the escape of Nazi war criminals, but some clerics such as Bishop Alois Hudal did so with full knowledge of their actions. All Rights Reserved. The street signs are in German. It’s surprising to learn that South America was a bit of a hotbed for anti-Semitism from the late 19th century – and indeed that one of its most famous German immigrants, Bernhard Förster, was a key influence on Hitler’s political thinking. He fled to Argentina in 1949 before moving to Paraguay in 1959 and Brazil a year later. The ‘Hunting Hitler’ team investigates a Berlin tunnel. Adultery, murder, corruption and greed: the wild history of the papacy. 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