Equivalent in 2019 to £11,400,000 and £430,000 per year respectively. Indeed, the duke was once moved to describe his children to von Massenbach as "mostly cripples in mind and body."[21]. "[13], In 1803 the process of German Mediatisation led to the acquisition of the neighbouring imperial abbeys of Gandersheim and Helmstedt, which were secularised. Charles William Ferdinand (German: Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Fürst und Herzog von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel) (October 9, 1735 – November 10, 1806), Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, was a sovereign prince of the Holy Roman Empire, and a professional soldier who served as a Generalfeldmarschall of the Kingdom of Prussia. His titles are usually shortened to Duke of Brunswick in English-language sources. When he counterattacked the Revolutionary French who had invaded Germany, in 1793, he recaptured Mainz after a long siege, but resigned in 1794 in protest at interference by Frederick William II of Prussia. Frederick and Augusta also had three daughters, two of whom reached adulthood. William V was restored to power, which he was to hold until 1795. Brunswick and Hanover should have been rejoined at that time, but Prussia had annexed the kingdom of Hanover in 1866 and now prevented the younger branch of the house of Brunswick from taking up the ducal crown. The royal family moved into the newly built Brunswick Palace. The branch of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel died out however with Duke William on 18 October 1884. Birth of Ann Duke. Otto was born around 1204 as the only son of William of Winchester and his wife Helena, a daughter of King Valdemar I of Denmark. countries. [16] They entered The Hague on the 20th, from which the Patriots had been forced to withdraw following a loyalist insurrection on the 17th. Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Prince of Calenberg. He became a Prussian major in 1823. He soon became known as a model sovereign, a typical enlightened despot of the period, characterized by economy and prudence. [3] During their travels the couple also met Pietro Nardini[5] and in 1767 the prince had his portrait painted by Pompeo Batoni. The second son, Georg Wilhelm Christian (1769–1811), suffered from an even more severe learning disability than his elder brother. His death caused a constitutional crisis for Brunswick that lasted until the accession of Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick, the son of the Crown Prince of Hanover, in 1913. William, Duke of Brunswick, lying in state at Braunschweig Germany, engraving, illustration from the magazine The Graphic, volume XXX, no 780, November 8, 1884. He sponsored enlightenment arts and sciences; most notably he was patron to the young mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss, paying for him to attend university against the wishes of Gauss' father. He was the cousin and brother-in-law (from 8 April 1795) of his friend George IV, Prince Regent of the United Kingdom(from 1811). In 1689, he occupied the Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg and passed it on to his successors. However, the bill was never introduced in the House of Commons and the divorce was never finalized. [3] The Patriots were out-manoeuvred and overwhelmed: their militias were unable to put up any real resistance, were forced to abandon their insurrection, and many Patriots fled to France.[15]. [1] George William was the father of Sophia Dorothea … The structure of the high command has been particularly criticised by historians, with multiple officers developing differing plans and then disagreeing on which should be followed, leading to disorganisation and indecision. He eventually succeeded his father, married and sired two sons. When Christian Louis died childless in 1665, George William inherited Luneburg. [3] He brought Brunswick into close alliance with the king of Prussia, for whom he had fought in the Seven Years' War; he was a Prussian field marshal, and was at pains to make the regiment of which he was colonel a model one.[3]. Prince Frederick William of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel was born in Braunschweig as the fourth son of Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and Princess Augusta of Great Britain. Despite being over 70 years old, the Duke of Brunswick returned to command the Prussian army at the personal request of Louise, Queen of Prussia.[3]. [10], Over the next few years the couple embarked on a wide-ranging tour of Europe, visiting many of the major states. With the assistance of the minister Feonçe von Rotenkreuz he was highly successful, restoring the state's finances and improving the economy. He died of his wounds in Ottensen on 10 November 1806.[3]. He is said to be quite strict, but a good father of the nation who attends to the needs of his people. William was the second son of Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and after the death of his father in 1815, was under the guardianship of King George IV of the United Kingdom. 1721. ... Brunswick County, Province of Virginia. Although the terms of surrender allowed the Convention Army to give their parole and return to Europe, the American Continental Congress revoked the convention. [9] The wedding was completed, but as a result of these machinations the prince remained in Britain for only thirteen days. Additionally, the manifesto threatened the French population with instant punishment should they resist the Imperial and Prussian armies, or the reinstatement of the monarchy. In 1766 they went to France, where they were received by both his allies and recent battlefield enemies with respect. In large part, the manifesto had been written by Louis XVI's cousin, Louis Joseph de Bourbon, Prince de Condé, who was the leader of a large corps of émigrés in the allied army. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository William VII (German Wilhelm; 25 April 1806, Brunswick – 18 October 1884, Sibyllenort), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, was ruling duke of the Duchy of Brunswick from 1830 until his death. As such, they were not related in a particularly close degree, yet there had been many bonds of marriage between the House of Brunswick-Bevern and the House of Hanover, themselves both branches of the House of Welf. The Swedish princess and diarist Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte visited Brunswick in 1799; she described the Duke as "witty, literal and a pleasant acquaintance but ceremonial beyond description. On two occasions (1806 and 1818–19), her husband made serious efforts to divorce her on grounds of adultery, forming commissions of inquiry to indict her, and after he became king, he in fact caused the House of Lords to pass a bill of divorce citing adultery with an Italian commoner. The duke was frequently engaged in diplomatic and other state affairs. [12], He resembled his uncle Frederick the Great in many ways, but he lacked the resolution of the king, and in civil as in military affairs was prone to excessive caution. On Christian Louis' death in 1665, George William inherited Lüneburg, and gave Calenberg to his next brother, John Frederick. Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (German: Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand; 9 October 1735 – 10 November 1806) was the Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and a military leader. (1911). Genealogy for William Raleigh Duke (1701 - 1775) family tree on Geni, with over 200 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. August Vilhelm, 1662-1731, hertig av Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (David von Krafft) - Nationalmuseum - 15582.tif 1,972 × 2,658; 5.01 MB. Riedesel was given command of all the German troops serving in the Saratoga campaign, under British general John Burgoyne. In August 1784 he hosted a secret diplomatic visit from Karl August, Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach (Goethe was a member of Karl August's entourage). [citation needed], From 1778 to 1779 he served in the War of the Bavarian Succession. He ruled first over the Principality of Calenberg, a subdivision of the duchy, then over the Lüneburg subdivision. He received an unusually wide and thorough education, overseen by his mother. In 1831, a family law of the House of Guelph made William the ruling duke The electorate was ruled by the Hanoverian branch of the family in personal union with the Kingdom of Great Britain. It was therefore arranged for Charles William Ferdinand to marry a British-Hanoverian princess: Princess Augusta of Great Britain, daughter of Frederick, Prince of Wales and his wife, Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, and sister of the reigning King George III. 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